White Privilege.Views About White Previlige Essay

White Privilege.Views About White Previlige - Essay Example It is visible in many examples that dominance of white skin over other races is an instinctive phenomenon and something nobody has to convey in words. Many universities and their teachers are making attempts to counter this mentality of instinctive domination and privilege of whites over so called colored people. As more efforts are made to bring this sensitive issue of racism into lime light, the young students have started to feel more uncomfortable. This is because of the formation of American society where whites, blacks and many other races of people have lived together and now are immuned to all such gestures, feelings, terms and ways which could be considered racist in the past. Now in the classroom when such subjects are touched for discussion the white students often switch to defensive mode considering themselves a target of criticism and present arguments to show how much space they provide to other ethnicities. On the other hand the colored students also find themselves uncomfortable to be discussed as separate and distinct part of the nation as it only provokes prejudice against them. Following have been a common outcome of all efforts to raise this issue. The idea behind such efforts is to teach students from all races to understand how their behaviors have been shaped and what have been the consequences of discriminations.

The Crucible consider how Miller uses Character Essay Example for Free

The Crucible consider how Miller uses Character Essay The tension is released and this is the point where John shows he is willing to blacken his name and destroy his reputation to prove that Abigail and the girls were all lying. John is clearly broken by his words and realises fully the extent of what he has done and how damaging they are. This builds up more tension and suspense in the audience as to whether John will admit his adultery to the court. In the proper . . . see it now John explains his and Abbys affair to Danforth, Danforth receives the story in horror, as he cannot take in all the new issues and starts to believe that the girls were all lying. Abigail cant believe that she is so close to being found out so angrily lashes out at Danforth who then decides to bring Elizabeth into the court to back up what John had said, she is an honest woman so why would she lie this would prove if the girls were lying or not. The tension mounts highly as the court proceeds and Elizabeth enters. Danforth gives Elizabeth orders not to look at Abigail or Proctor just him and questions her about Abigail, the suspense is unbearable by the time Elizabeth Is asked the question, Is your husband a lecher? a brief silence is held and then she answers, No sir. Danforth then tells Elizabeth to be taken away again and John calls out to her to tell her that he had already admitted to it. Hale tries desperately to explain why Elizabeth said that her husband didnt commit adultery but it does no good and before he can finish justifying Elizabeths actions Abigail falls again into a little scene where Marys spirit is attacking her and the girls. Mary screams at Abby to stop but it does not work, Danforth asks why the girls are repeating everything she says but Mary is so overwhelmed by it all that she feels powerless against them. The brief silence is a important aspect of this episode as it builts up dramatic tension and leaves the audience in a lot of suspense not knowing what Elizabeth will do, lie for her husband or not. In the play Mary runs away to the sea, which is symbolic of washing away your sins, John calls out to her today to say that god damns all liars but in the play they all stay in the courtroom. John reaches out to Mary and she backs away from him and screams, Dont touch me-dont touch me! like he is the devil or evil. This takes Proctor by surprise as Mary carries on, youre the devils man! Parris and the girls start screaming, Praise God! over and over again and mass hysteria takes over them. This whole episode is creating more and more tension in the audience as it is very dramatic. Hysteria is a key dramatic device used in The Crucible Mary tells them all of how John made her write in the devils book and that she must help him overthrow the court. She looks at John with disgust and declares her love of God. John then stands in the middle of the courtroom or sea in front of everyone and screams, God is dead! This silences everyone for a moment including the audience as the tension that has mounted throughout the whole scene has been added to until breaking point. The silence is kept until Parris screams, hear it, hear it! Proctor insanely laughs at the comment and declares all his feelings about the whole trials. He has no respect anymore for the church and trials and shows it when he screams, You are pulling down Heaven and raising up a whore! here, Proctor is sticking up for his wife saying that by believing Abigail the court will be raising up a whore, and personifys his wife as heaven satin that you are pulling down heaven. Proctor goes on to say its a whores vengenance This quotation is taken from Act III, when Proctor finally breaks down and confesses his affair with Abigail, after trying, in vain, to expose her as a fraud without revealing their liaison. Proctor knows from the beginning that the witch trials constitute nothing more than a whores vengeance Abigails revenge on him for ending their affair but he shies away from making that knowledge public because it would lead to his disgrace. This scene, in the Salem courtroom, marks the climax of the play, in which Proctors concern for justice outstrips his concern for his reputation. This re-prioritization of values enables him to do what is necessary. But he finds, to his horror that his actions come too late: instead of Abigail and the witch trials being exposed as a sham, Proctor is called a liar and then accused of witchcraft by the court. His attempt at honesty backfires and destroys him. This more or less ends the scene, bringing into the next scene tension and suspense and worries in the audiences mind about Johns mind. I denounce . . . this court At the end Hale quits the court as he has lost all faith in it. Miller wrote this play for two main reasons; one was to show how hysteria takes over people and how different people react to situations posed to them, Scene 3 is the scene where all the hysteria takes place, it bears a lot of resemblance to events of today and throughout the past 100 years. The first main events are the world wars where a hysteria swept through young men and women to sign up for the services or to help out with the war effort; that was hysteria that was used for good but there have been incidents especially in the 1980s with the football riots where hysteria did a lot of damage and cost peoples lives. The play would bear quite a lot of relevance to todays audience especially now as war is pending and people will be feeling a certain hysteria. At the anti-war protests hysteria will have been felt amongst the people building them up to a state of dislike for the politicians involved and the people for war. Hysteria also brings people to form small minded, bigoted opinions of the things they are against like in the cases of Danforth, Parris and Putnam. The second reason why Miller wrote this play was because of the McCarthy trials were taking place at the time. These were trials that took place in the early 1950s after World War Two and anyone with leftwing sympathies should be investigated and make themselves known at persecuting public hearings. People were encouraged to inform on those they suspected which may be where Miller got the idea of Abigail from as he had seen what rumours and gossip could do as he was one of the accused in the McCarthy trials. Miller chose the Salem Witch trials to put his play into the context of because like the McCarthy it was a true event that happened in American history. In Salem, Massachusetts in the 17th century the in habitants very much believed in the devil and knew of his powers so thought that all witchcraft should be hunted out. They were puritans, which meant that none of their habits and activities were very strict and no entertainment was permitted. Miller did a lot of research into the inhabitants of Salem then so many of the characters are based on real people their actions however and words were not spoken as Miller made the people his own in the play. Miller writes Act 3 very cleverly so that the audience know information that the judges do not, this is a way of making the tension and intrigue in the crowd rise. This form of audience participation is used often by great play writers such as Shakespeare even though their styles are completely different it still has the same effect of dramatic tension and makes their plays interesting and exciting for all the members of the audience. 1 Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Arthur Miller section. Download this essay Print Save Not the one? Search for

Creation Stories of Babylon, Egypt, and Genesis Essay -- Creationism C

Creation myths of Babylon, Egypt, and Genesis There are many similarities in the Babylonian, Egyptian, and Genesis stories. In all the stories one god creates man and explains how all things on earth come to being. They also set up their calendars and show examples of evil within each story to set up moral rules for man to live by. How do these elements compare between each of these stories? In the Babylonian myth the God Marduk creates man from the blood of another god Kingu. â€Å"Blood will I compose, bring a skeleton into being, Produce a lowly, primitive creature, ‘Man’ shall be his name.† In Egyptian myth the God Rae creates man and takes this form. In the Genesis story there is only one God, he creates man in the image of himself. In the Babylonian and Egyptian stories, the major difference is they have many Gods. Also, in the Genesis story God creates man in his likeness, this might be the case with the Babylonian story, but that is not clear. The major similarity is that all three of the stories only have one God that creates mankind. All the stories show how things came onto the Earth and how it was made; they also set up their calendars at the same time. In the Babylonian story, Marduk is granted the power of speaking something and it will come to being and if he spoke it again it would come out of being. Marduk becomes king, greater than all the Gods, after slaying the God Tiamat. Then later the defeat and capture of Tiamat’s army and commander Kingu. â€Å"He ma...

freedol Noras Freedom in Ibsens A Dolls House Essay example -- A Do

Nora's Freedom in The Doll House      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Nora is initially introduced as a macaroon-loving, naà ¯ve individual constantly trying to please her husband.   However, when the audience discovers that she borrowed the funds that allowed her and her husband to travel to Italy for a year in order to save Torvald from certain harm, Nora demonstrates that she is actually a much stronger character than originally portrayed.   However, the real problem lies with the way in which she burrowed the money.   In order to get the cash, Nora forged her father's signature.   As a result, she is in debt to the man who leant her the money, Nils Krogstad.    Within the context of modern times, Nora's crime appears almost daring and creative, rather than completely criminal (Egan 67).   In comparison, Torvald's reactions to Nora's crimes seem almost cruel and unimaginative.   When he scolds Nora's father for a similar failure to secure proper signatures and condemns Nils for doing the same, he appears to be an unsympathetic individual.   He scolds people and judges them for their actions without considering why the may have done what they did.    Furthermore, the household in which Nora and Torvald live in is completely patriarchal, again demonstrating Torvald's limited imagination.   He gives Nora very little power and very little credit, when she appears to be much more imaginative than him.   Within the house's walls, all items exist for one purpose: to entertain Torvald.   Also, Torvald appears to lack the understanding that other people may be interested in other things, and that there are people on this planet who should be considered within the same class as him.      The play was initially seen as an attempt to express the conflict... ... Henrick Ibsen: A Biography.   Garden City: Doubleday, 1971.    The student may wish to begin the essay with the quote below:    Good grief, can't you understand?   The old man never existed; that was only something I'd dream up time and again whenever I was at my wits' end for money.   But it makes no difference now; the old fossil can go where he pleases for all I care; I don't need him or his will-because now I'm free.   Oh, how lovely to think of that, Kristine!   Carefree!   To now you're carefree, utterly carefree; to be able to romp and play with the children, ,and to keep up a beautiful,   charming home-everything just the way Torvald likes it!  Ã‚   And think, spring is coming, with big blue skies.   Maybe we can travel a little then.   Maybe I'll see the ocean again.. Oh yes, it is so marvelous to live and be happy!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   --Nora in The Doll House.

Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation Essay

Intrinsic motivation has been described in many ways. Amabile, Hill, Hennessey, and Tighe (1994) describe it as â€Å"the motivation to engage in work primarily for its own sake, because the work itself is interesting, engaging, or in some way satisfying† (p. 950). According to Ryan and Deci (2000) intrinsic motivation refers to â€Å"doing something because it is inherently interesting or enjoyable† (p. 55). Pink (2009) defines intrinsic rewards as encompassing three components: Autonomy (the need to direct your own life), Mastery (desiring to get better at something you’re passionate about) and purpose (the longing to be a part of something bigger and better). When all an employer wants from an employee is compliance, the traditional concepts of management will work. In the case that the employer seeks engagement, self-direction is more motivating. Amabile (1996), a professor at Harvard Business School, asserts that â€Å"Without intrinsic motivation, an indiv idual will either not perform the activity at all, or will do it in a way that simply satisfies the extrinsic goals† (p. 7). This statement supports that for an employee to be engaged in what they are doing and satisfied doing it, intrinsic motivators are required. If your employees are only completing the tasks given to them because you are motivating them with extrinsic rewards, it can be expected that when you take the reward away, they will no longer be motivated to complete the work. EXTRINSIC MOTIVATION Extrinsic motivation has been defined as â€Å"Doing something because it leads to a separable outcome† (Ryan & Deci, 2000) or â€Å"the motivation to work primarily in response to something apart from the work itself† (Amabile et al., 1994). An example of an extrinsic reward is when an organisation motivates their workers to perform by rewarding them with money, such as bonuses, increased salaries, stock options or benefits. These rewards are easy to monitor as they stem from results. If an employee is following the organisational procedures and adhering to the rules, the manager can reward. If not, there will be no reward. It’s a very common motivator for organisations as it’s easy to manage. They don’t have to think about how the employee feels or if he/she is passionate about their job. It made sense for extrinsic motivators to work in older generations. Most employees had one job to do, with a simple set of tasks. For example, a bookkeeper’s job was to record all financial transactions in relevant journals, creating profit and loss statements balance sheets etc. They were assigned to those exact tasks. Today, we have programs like MYOB that does all of that work for us. We are no longer working in organisations where our jobs are routine. Our work has become more complex and more interesting. Workers today are looking for ways to use their minds and to be involved in bigger things than just monotonous tasks. Time magazine published an article stating that â€Å"They [generation Y] just want to spend their time in meaningful and useful ways†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Trunk, n.d.). Extrinsic rewards are not only becoming less suitable for modern times, research has shown that they can also decrease intrinsic motivation. †¦consideration of reward effects reported in 128 experiments leads to the conclusion that tangible rewards tend to have a substantially negative effect on intrinsic motivation. Although rewards can control people’s behaviour†¦.reward contingencies undermine people’s taking responsibility for motivating or regulating themselves. (Deci, Koestner, & Ryan, 1999, p. 658-659) Extrinsic rewards can also cause people to lose interest completely in the activity. Deci’s research concluded that â€Å"†¦when money is used as an external reward for some activity, the subjects lose intrinsic interest for the activity† (1971, p. 114). Furthermore, Amabile (1996) states that â€Å"A number of studies have shown that a primarily intrinsic motivation will be more conducive to creativity than a primarily extrinsic motivation† (p. 7). THE CANDLE PROBLEM The candle problem was a behavioural study developed by psychologist Karl Duncker (1945). He had numerous people that he split into two groups. Both groups were given a candle, matches and a box of thumbtacks. Dunker told them to stick the candle to the wall in such a way that the wax won’t melt onto the table and using only the materials given. The subjects first tried sticking the candle to the wall with the thumbtacks, it didn’t work. Some tried to melt the side of the candle with the matches and adhere it to the wall but to no avail. After a while both groups managed to figure out the solution: stick the box to the wall with the thumbtacks, and put the candle inside it. A scientist named Sam Glucksberg (1962) re-created the candle problem but gave the subjects incentives. The first group were not offered a reward but told they were a part of a study to ‘establish norms’ and see how long it takes the average person to solve the problem. The second group were offered different sums of money depending on how fast they solved the problem. It was recorded that the incentivised group took almost three and a half minutes longer than the non-incentivised group. This research defies every rule that says extrinsic motivators work. In their third edition Organisational Behaviour book, Wood et al. (2013) describe extrinsic rewards as being â€Å"positively valued work outcomes the individual receives from some other person in the work setting. They are important external reinforces or environmental consequences that can substantially influence people’s work behaviours through the law of effect† (p. 131). The candle problem with incentives has been copied for the past forty years and every time the incentivised group solved the problem the fastest. Glucksberg prepared the experiment again but this time he handed his subjects the materials separately. Instead of supplying the thumbtacks inside the box, he put them next to the box. For the first time ever the incentivised group beat the non-incentivised group. The results suggested that when the problem was made simpler, extrinsic motivators worked better. Extrinsic rewards usually only work for problems that have a simple set of tasks and a right answer. Workers today are more creative and conceptual and enjoy solving problems. When we have technology that does most of the simple tasks for us, we spend more time trying to solve problems that have many possible answers. INTRINSIC MOTIVATION IN TODAYS WORKPLACE Contemporary companies are finding and implementing ways to motivate their employees by using intrinsic rewards. The best example would be Google Inc. Google is renowned for their great benefits and modern offices. There are too many benefits to list them all but some include sleep pods, reading areas, swimming pools, free food, free rental cars if you need to run errands, and some even have on-site child care facilities. One motivator that benefited the company and the employee is the 80/20 rule. Google don’t want people to have to leave the company to pursue their personal passions so every employee is to dedicate 80% of their time to their primary job, and 20% of their time working on ‘passion projects’ that can help the company. Half the products released at Google were invented in the 20% time. E.g. Gmail, Chrome, Google News (Mediratta, 2007). Fortune magazine ranked Google as the number one company to work for in the world in 2012 and 2013 (â€Å"100 Best Companies to Work For,† n.d.) It’s not hard to see why this is the case. Besides all of the above, Google has no real hierarchy (Mills, 2007). They have no official channels, only tiny work groups where ideas flow within the group. If an employee wants to work with another team they can without having to ask permission. While the intrinsic rewards are desirable enough, Google also offer very attractive extrinsic rewards such as 100% paid maternity leave for up to 18 weeks. Like Google, Atlassian, an Australian software company, introduced a quarterly system where an individual could use 20% of his/her time to work on their own ideas and present them at a meeting the next day. This was called the ‘ShipIt Days’ (because it had to be delivered by the next day). This one day of autonomy led to 47 internal projects being used within the software company that never would have emerged otherwise, and more than $2 million in sales (Smith, n.d.). Atlassian has also been in the top ten of BRW’s best places to work for the last couple of years. Another example of autonomy in the workplace is ROWE (Results Only Work Environment). (â€Å"What is Rowe,† n.d.) writes how employees are evaluated on their outputs and what they achieve at the company, not how long or when they are working. As long as you get your work done, you can come in anytime, leave anytime, not come in at all and meetings are optional. Companies who have implemented the ROWE human resources strategy have seen their productivity increase by 35% and their voluntary turnover dropped between 50% and 90% (Penttila, n.d.). Not-For-Profit (NFP) Organisations are another good example of how intrinsic motivators work to retain staff when they are being paid much less than people in the same position who are working for private companies. Frey (1997) suggested that once an employee receives a wage that is enough to live off, they begin to seek purpose in their work. A case study by Tippet & Kluvers (2009) researching motivation in NFP organisations showed that most employees were satisfied with their pay. This research shows that because they see their pay as sufficient, intrinsic motivation may be more of an importance. Pink asserts that â€Å"Effective organizations compensate people in amounts and in ways that allow individuals to mostly forget about compensation and instead focus on the work itself† (2009, p. 170). In other words, get the issue of money off the table first so employees aren’t feeling mistreated or de-motivated, then focus on intrinsic motivators. LEADERSHIP APPROACHES Thomas (2009) suggests that to increase intrinsic motivation you should begin to de-emphasise money as a motivating factor. By paying your employees fairly, but not offering monetary rewards, they will begin to achieve goals for the satisfaction. Usually when you offer rewards employees may only just do what is asked of them, rather than going one step further. Organisations not only need to change the way they motivate their employees, they also need to realise that not everyone will be motivated by the same intrinsic reward. Ryan and Deci (2000) state that â€Å"People are intrinsically motivated for some activities and not others, and not everyone is intrinsically motivated for any particular task† (p. 56). As expected, humans do not have the same passions in life and the same goals, therefore we cannot expect them to be motivated by the same rewards. While Google Inc. has a wide range of benefits that should suit most employees, they have also employed a ‘Chief Culture Czar’ whose main job is devoted to making sure everyone is happy. Google have an annual global survey that is focused on finding out how happy their employees are, and what it’s going to take to keep them with the company. The current CCC, Stacey Sullivan, has said of the survey â€Å"†¦career development is more of a focus than giving more stock options or increasing salaries† (Mills, 2007). Thomas (2009) suggests identifying shared passions within an organisation so focus can be on achieving the desired goal. When passions are clarified and identified it’s much easier to pursue them in a systematic way. A team unifies when they discover that passion: â€Å"Aha, that’s what we care about. Now let’s go after it† (Thomas, 2009, p. 155). Teammates are then likely to connect and see each other as partners with a shared purpose. For a leader to be successful in building employee engagement within an organisation, they need to be aware of what drives them and how to manage their own intrinsic rewards. Thomas (2009) declares that â€Å"Developing this skill helps you recognize the intrinsic rewards in your employees, gives you more credibility, and – as a bonus – helps you stay more engaged and energized† (p. 193). Employee Engagement Many people define employee engagement differently, but according to Thomas (2009) employee engagement is the phrase used to describe the motivation needed in organisations today. In the 80s and 90s it was ‘empowerment’ and in the 70s it was ‘enrichment.’ As work becomes more demanding and supervision slackens the need for workers to be â€Å"†¦psychologically ‘engaged’†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Thomas, 2009, p. 11) when performing their work is essential. Although employee engagement itself can be defined in many ways, Macey and Schneider assert that it â€Å"†¦is a desirable condition, has an organizational purpose, and connotes involvement, commitment, passion, enthusiasm, focused effort and energy†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (2008, p. 4). Thomas defines employee engagement as active self-management that has four key intrinsic rewards â€Å"†¦the sense of meaningfulness, the sense of choice, the sense of competence, and the sense of progress†¦. These four intrinsic rewards are the psychological vital signs of an engaged workforce† (2009, p. 192). Employee engagement is valuable for any organisation as it can breed employee loyalty. When an employee is loyal they contribute to moving the company forward and help it reach its goals. Lockwood (2007) emphasizes the link of engagement to business success after a survey of 50,000 employees in 27 countries revealed that â€Å"Organizations that have a highly engaged workforce were found to have almost 10 times as many committed, high-effort workers as those with a low-engaged workforce. The findings point to the manager as the most important enabler of employee commitment to the organization, job and work-teams† (p. 9). CONCLUSION The effects of intrinsic and extrinsic rewards have long been debated and will continue to be examined as psychologists and researches alike try and find the ‘answer’. This paper was intended to provide the reader with a worthy argument as to why intrinsic motivators are becoming a more obvious style of management. There are many examples of organisations focusing on intrinsic motivators and the effect they have on the success of a company. As Pink (2009) suggests, while extrinsic rewards are becoming less relatable in modern times, they should not be thrown out altogether, as one must still be satisfied with their pay to allow intrinsic motivators to work. The evidence readily available today should be enough to convince more organisations to introduce intrinsic motivation and decrease the importance of extrinsic rewards with their companies. REFERENCE LIST Amabile, T.M. (1996) Creativity and Innovation in Organizations. Harvard Business School 100 Best Places to Work For. [n.d.]. Retrieved from the CNN Money Website: http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/best-companies/index.html Deci, E. L. (1971). Effects of externally mediated rewards on intrinsic motivation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 18(1), 105-115 Deci, E. L., Koestner, R., & Ryan, R.M. (1999). A meta-analytic review of experiments examining the effects of extrinsic rewards on intrinsic motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 125(6), 627-668 Drucker, P. F. (1974). Management Tasks, Responsibilities, Practices. Oxford, England: Butterworth-Heinemann Dunker, K. (1945). On Problem Solving. Psychological Monographs. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association Frey, B.S. (1997). On the Relationship between Intrinsic and Extrinsic Work Motivation1. International Journal of Industrial Organisation, 15(4), 427-439 Glatzeder, B., Goel, V., Meuller, A.C. (2010). Towards a theory of thinking. Retrieved from http://www.yorku.ca/vgoel/courses/3260/Goel_3260_articles/Article_7.pdf Glucksberg, S. (1962). The influence of strength of drive on functional fixedness and perceptual recognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 63(1), 36-41. doi:10.1037/h0044683 Lockwood, N.R. (2007). Leveraging Employee Engagement for Competitive Advantage: HR’s Strategic Role. SHRM Research Quarterly Retrieved from: http://198.22.197.80/Research/Articles/Articles/Documents/07MarResearchQuarterly.pdf Macey, W. H., Schneider, B. (2008). The Meaning of Employee Engagement. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 1, 3-30 Mediratta, B. [n.d.]. The Google Way: Give Engineers Room. Retrieved from the New York Times Website: http://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/21/jobs/21pre.html?_r=0 Penttila, C. [n.d.]. Off the Clock: â€Å"Flexibility is the workstyle of the future†. Retrieved from the Entrepreneur Website: http://www.entrepreneur.com/article/177070 Pink, D. H. (2009). Drive. The Surprising Truth About What Motivates Us. New York, USA: Penguin Books Ltd Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations: Classic Definitions and New Directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25, 54-67. doi:10.1006/ceps.1999.1020 Smith, F. [n.d.]. â€Å"Is Atlassian the coolest company in Australia?†. Retrieved from the BRW website: http://www.brw.com.au/p/sections/features/is_atlassian_the_coolest_company_877SCYxXLwl7N9cNiMF6vJ Tippet, J., & Kluvers, R. (2009). Employee Rewards and Motivation in Non Profit Organisations: Case Study from Australia. International Journal of Business and Management, 4(3), 7. Trunk, P. [n.d.]. â€Å"What Gen Y Really Wants?†. Retrieved from the Time Magazine website: http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1640395,00.html What is Rowe. [n.d.]. Retrieved from the Go Rowe Website: http://www.gorowe.com/main/what-is-rowe/ Wood, J., Zeffane, R., Fromholtz,

Dickenson essays

Dickenson essays Right from the outset of the poem, Dickinson compares hope to a bird, Hope is the thing with feathers (1). This first line sets the stage for the rest of the poem, in that from this point on the reader will see just how Dickinson believes hope is like a bird. Following the first line Dickinson describes how hope resides within us, by using certain actions of a bird with an underlying meaning of what she is really trying to say. And sings the tune without the words- And never stops - at all (2-4). As a bird perches on a tree branch, so does hope perch inside each of our souls. However hope does not sing out like a bird in his song, but rather instead burns within us never being able to be put into words. But this hope always lets its presence be known just as a bird always sings its song to let other birds know of its presence. In the next stanza Dickinson describes the hardships throughout life that try to kill the hope inside of each of us. And sweetest in the Gale is heard That kept so many warm (5-8). In line five Dickinson is saying that in the worst hardships of our lives, the Gale, hope is stronger then ever before. A bird sings loudest in these difficult times, just as hope tends to erupt out of our body and take action. But just as in reality there are those times in ones life that are just too hard to deal with. The violent storm is compared to the times in our life when we feel like there is no hope left. ...

Gilgamesh vs the Genesis Essay Example

Gilgamesh vs the Genesis Essay Example Gilgamesh vs the Genesis Essay Gilgamesh vs the Genesis Essay many years before the Genesis story in about 400 B. C. The writers of the bible probably knew of the flood in Gilgamesh’s story but revised it so as to fit with their own worldview and history. They most likely intended the original story with their own mythology. Despite the many similarities between the two stories, the differences are revealed in a number of different lines that distinguish the two versions from each other. In both versions of the flood, something angers the gods (in Gilgamesh) and God (in Genesis). â€Å"The uproar of mankind is intolerable and sleep is no longer possible by reasons of the babel. The reasoning for the flood in Gilgamesh seems very irrational. The Gods decide to destroy mankind because there are too many people in the world and they are making too much noise. : It seems that the gods didnt think over their decision wisely. Being they are the gods, one would think they possess the power to come do a different means of resolving this problem instead of just destroying mankind. In Genesis, there is a much more acceptable reason for God to eliminate mankind. The humans are so wicked and evil that It repented the Lord that he had made man on the earth, and it grieved him at his heart (Gen. 6:6). He says: I will destroy man whom I have created from the face of the earth. . . (Gen. 6:7). God destroys mankind because it has become evil and corrupt within. This is not a quick irrational decision on the part of God, but a very well thought out and logical decision. It is definitely much better reason for the destruction of the human race. Another major difference is something that most often is overlooked by many people; the presence of demi-gods and great heroes during this time period. In the story of Gilgamesh, the gods allow half-god half-human beings to exist on earth. They were still apart of the Golden Age, which was presided over by Saturn. This was when the final structures of the Olympian Gods, men, animals, and the underworld were still being risen up. Great heroes like Gilgamesh, even though he came much later, still existed. In Genesis the Golden Age was completely over. There are no more heroes that were alive on the earth. These giants in the earth (Gen. 6:4) were the sons of God and of the daughters of men, but they were only men of renown in the old days (Gen. 6:4). These giants in the earth had become earlier and were destroyed long before the flood happened. A very important similarity is how many people the gods in Gilgamesh and God in Genesis choose to save from the flood. In both stories one good man, Utnapishtim (from Gilgamesh) and Noah (from Genesis, is saved and chosen to build an ark or boat. In Gilgamesh, Ea warns Utnapishtim in a dream that he must help the human race survive. In Genesis, God decides to destroy everyone but Noah, who found grace in the eyes of the Lord (Gen. 6:8). Noah becomes the source of salvation for the creation of man in the future. He is also the symbol of Gods mercy and grace. Both these men are symbols that God and Ea want the good in mankind to survive. By doing this they give the human race a chance to survive. Another major difference between the two stories is how the floods began and how the whole event ended up. In both a great storm rages and wipes out everyone and everything except the passengers onboard the boat/ark. In Gilgamesh, the gods cry and that creates the incredibly destructive flood. The great gods of heaven and hell wept. The rains last for 6 days and 6 nights in the Gilgamesh version, and finally when the waters receded the boat landed on Nisir. The boat is on the mountain for seven days. This is one of many instances where the number 7 is used in context to the flood stories. It is a mystical number symbolizing when gods and men interact. In Genesis, God sends down the flood with his divine power. After seven days the waters of the flood were upon the earth (Gen. 7:10). Here the number 7 is used again for the interaction of God and Noah. The rain lasts a lot longer in the Genesis version then in the Gilgamesh story. The rain was upon the earth forty days and forty nights (Gen. 7:12). As the waters receded, the ark landed on Mt. Ararat. It is here for approximately two and a half months more until the other mountain tops surface. In both stories you have the same basic storyline, but as one can see the smaller details are much different. In both stories when the ark or boat is floating around the endless sea, Noah and Utnapishtim send out birds. Utnapishtim sends out hree different birds while Noah sends only two out. First, Utnapishtim sends out a dove but it returns. The same thing happens when he sends out a swallow. Finally when he sends out the raven it finds land and eats, so it does not return. I loosed a dove but finding no resting-place she returned then I loosed a swallow, and she flew away but finding no resting-place she returned I loosed a raven and she did not come back. Noah sends out a raven once but i t doesn’t find land. He sends out a dove twice and the second time it does not return. The two men send these out in order to find land. Each one of these birds has a significant meaning. The swallow lives around farms and it is sent out to find dry land for agriculture. In Genesis, the dove brings back an olive branch, and that symbolizes peace. Peace would mean that the punishment by God has finally ended. Ravens were looked upon as the messengers of the Gods. It only makes sense that the messenger of the gods in the Gilgamesh version helps Utnapishtim find land. In both versions of the story birds that represent certain good things in life were used. The final main similarity between the two stories comes at the end. Noah and Utnapishtim both show proper reverence to the gods and are rewarded. Utnapishtim offers a sacrifice to the gods, but Enlil becomes very angry because he is excluded from this sacrifice and that Utnapishtim escaped his wishes for all man to be destroyed. Ea convinces Enlil that Utnapishtim escaped on his own and then Enlil grants Utnapishtim the gift of immortality. In the Genesis story, God orders Noah to leave the ark. Noah then gives god a sacrifice. God makes the first covenant of the Hebrew Bible with Noah. Then finally, in both versions a sign is given to show that the gods and God wont destroy the earth in a flood ever again; a rainbow in Genesis and a necklace in the story of Gilgamesh. When comparing the stories of the flood within the Story of Gilgamesh and The Genesis, one can find many similarities and differences. The way these two stories portray comparisons within each other show how stories are carried throughout history and are adapted by the people of that time to fit their history and worldviews.

Battle of Crecy in the The Hundred Years War

Battle of Crecy in the The Hundred Years War The Battle of Crà ©cy was fought August 26, 1346, during the Hundred Years War (1337-1453). Largely a dynastic struggle for the French throne, the conflict began following the death of Philip IV and his sons, Louis X, Philip V, and Charles IV. This ended the Capetian Dynasty which had ruled France since 987.   As no direct male heir lived, Edward III of England, Philip IVs grandson by his daughter Isabella, pressed his claim to the throne. This was rejected by the French nobility who preferred Philip IVs nephew, Philip of Valois. The War Begins Crowned Philip  VI in 1328, he called for Edward to do homage to him for the valuable  fief of Gascony. Though initially unwilling to this,  Edward relented and accepted Philip as King of France in 1331 in return for continued  control over Gascony. By doing so, he surrendered his rightful claim  to the throne. In 1337, Philip VI revoked Edward IIIs control of Gascony and commenced raiding the English coast. In response, Edward reasserted his claims to the French throne and began building alliances with the nobles of Flanders and the Low Countries.   In 1340, Edward scored a decisive naval victory at Sluys which gave England control of the Channel for the duration of the war. This was followed by an invasion of the Low Countries and an abortive siege of Cambrai. After plundering Picardy, Edward withdrew back to England to raise funds for future campaigns as well as to deal with the Scots who had used his absence to mount a series of raids across the border. Six years later, having assembled around 15,000 men and 750 ships at Portsmouth, he again planned to invade France.   A Return to France Sailing for Normandy, Edward landed on the Cotentin Peninsula that July. Quickly capturing Caen on July 26, he moved east towards the Seine. Alerted that King Philip VI was assembling a large army in Paris, Edward turned north and began moving along the coast. Pressing on, he crossed the Somme after winning the Battle of Blanchetaque on August 24. Tired from their endeavors, the English army encamped near the Forest of Crà ©cy. Eager to defeat the English and angry that he had failed to trap them between the Seine and Somme, Philip raced towards Crà ©cy with his men. The English Command Alerted to the approach of the French army, Edward deployed his men along a ridge between the villages of Crà ©cy and Wadicourt. Dividing his army, he assigned command of the right division to his sixteen-year old son Edward, the Black Prince with assistance from the Earls of Oxford and Warwick, as well as Sir John Chandos. The left division was led by the Earl of Northampton, while Edward, commanding from a vantage point in a windmill, retained leadership of the reserve. These divisions were supported by large numbers of archers equipped with the English longbow. Armies Commanders: England Edward IIIEdward, the Black Prince12,000-16,000 men France Philip VI20,000-80,000 men Preparing for Battle While waiting for the French to arrive, the English busied themselves by digging ditches and laying out caltrops in front of their position. Advancing north from Abbeyville, the lead elements of Philips army arrived near the English lines around mid-day on August 26. Scouting the enemy position, they recommended to Philip that they encamp, rest, and wait for the entire army to arrive. While Philip agreed with this approach, he was overruled by his nobles who wished to attack the English without delay. Quickly forming for battle, the French did not wait for the bulk of their infantry or supply train to arrive. The French Advance Advancing with Antonio Doria and Carlo Grimaldis Genoese crossbowmen in the lead, the French knights followed with lines led by the Duke D’Alencon, Duke of Lorraine, and Count of Blois, while Philip commanded the rearguard. Moving to the attack, the crossbowmen fired a series of volleys at the English. These proved ineffective as a brief thunderstorm before the battle had wet and slackened the crossbowstrings. The English archers on the other hand had simply untied their bowstrings during the storm. Death from Above This coupled with the longbows ability to fire every five seconds gave the English archers a dramatic advantage over the crossbowmen who could only get off one to two shots per minute. The Genoese position was worsened by the fact that in the rush to battle their pervises (shields to hide behind while reloading) had not been brought forward. Coming under devastating fire from Edwards archers, the Genoese began withdrawing. Angered by the crossbowmens retreat, the French knights fired insults at them and even cut several down. Charging forward, the French front lines fell into confusion as they collided with the retreating Genoese. As the two bodies of men tried to move past each other they came under fire from the English archers and five early cannon (some sources debate their presence). Continuing the attack, the French knights were forced to negotiate the slope of the ridge and the man-made obstacles. Cut down in large numbers by the archers, the felled knights and their horses blocked the advance of those to the rear. During this time, Edward received a message from his son requesting aid. Upon learning that the younger Edward was healthy, the king refused stating â€Å"I am confident he will repel the enemy without my help, and Let the boy win his spurs. As evening approached the English line held, repelling sixteen French charges. Each time, the English archers brought down the attacking knights. With darkness falling, a wounded Philip, recognizing he had been defeated, ordered a retreat and fell back to the castle at La Boyes. Aftermath The Battle of Crà ©cy was one of the greatest English victories of the Hundred Years War and established the superiority of the longbow against mounted knights. In the fighting, Edward lost between 100-300 killed, while Philip suffered around 13,000-14,000 (some sources indicate it may have been as high as 30,000). Among the French losses were the heart of the nations nobility including the Duke of Lorraine, Count of Blois, and the Count of Flanders, as well as John, King of Bohemia and the King of Majorca. In addition eight other counts and three archbishops were slain. In the wake of the battle, the Black Prince paid tribute to the nearly blind King John of Bohemia, who had fought valiantly before being slain, by taking his shield and making it his own. Having earned his spurs, the Black Prince became one of his fathers best field commanders and won a stunning victory at Poitiers in 1356. Following the victory at Crà ©cy, Edward continued north and laid siege to Calais. The city fell the next year and became a key English base for the remainder of the conflict.

Initiation Story Araby by James Joyce Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Initiation Story Araby by James Joyce - Essay Example idered to be a person who gains notoriety as a result of showing great courage or nobility of purpose in the accomplishment of a deed or a lifetime (â€Å"Aristotle†, 1998). However, when one speaks of the hero journey, one is almost always confronted with a young character who transforms from the illusions of a child into the realities of an adult. The three major stages of the initiation process can be traced through a number of stories including James Joyce’s short story â€Å"Araby.† The first stage of the initiation process is the understanding that some kind of action is required by the individual. â€Å"Some kind of shock occurs that makes one aware of the self† (Garbis, 2002). This shock initiates the maturation process typically around the early teen years. It is an essential element of the initiation process as it forces the individual to separate from the comfortable environment and discover personal feelings and attitudes in order to solve a problem. Joyce’s story begins on a small street, North Richmond Street, in a small area of town in which life seems relatively bland. Everything is described in shadowed tones as the narrator, a young boy, provides the details of his evening romps with his friends illustrating the ways in which he is a part of the crowd. However, the one illuminated figure in this early segment of the story is the figure of Mangan’s sister. In this image, the narrator becomes separated from the rest, suddenly sol itary as â€Å"every morning I lay on the floor in the front parlour watching her door. The blind was pulled down to within an inch of the sash so that I could not be seen† (Joyce). In describing his actions, the boy is undoubtedly alone and isolated as he encounters new feelings and impressions that are completely new to him. In volunteering to bring something back for her from Araby, the grand bazaar, the boy begins the journey stage of the initiation process. It is during this stage that the young person

Vincent Van Gogh and Andy Warhol Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Vincent Van Gogh and Andy Warhol - Essay Example The paper "Vincent Van Gogh and Andy Warhol" compares the artworks of the two artists, Vincent Van Gogh and Andy Warhol. Andy Warhol was charmed to popularity and became one of the significant figures to pop art in the United States, in which he uses manufactured materials as his source for creating exceptional artworks. Despite their individual approaches and influences to art, both have the passion in painting as the primary and fundamental medium in doing their artworks. However, Andy Warhol gained popularity in the art, advertisement, and entertainment industries because of his usage to different mediums in creating artworks, such as filmmaking, carving, sketching, cartooning, and photography. In contrast to Vincent van Gogh, he was more on the usage of different methods of painting in order to capture a fleeting result of hue, value, and intensity within his artwork. However, his approach was criticized by other artists because he neglected the importance of outlining the partic ulars and carried on directly to putting of colors in his paintings. In addition, Warhol and van Gogh have their similar way of presenting their artworks, but they differ on the techniques being used. For example, van Gogh’s famous painting is the â€Å"Starry Night,† which portrays stars illuminating the city at night. In this artwork, van Gogh painted the lines in a horizontally calm direction, but with a texture that seems to be crude in a manner to present a foreground and background structure for the viewers.

Thurgood Marshall Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Thurgood Marshall - Essay Example Moreover she is considered as a role model for Americans in general irrespective of the sex. Sandra Day O’ Conner is believed to be a great compromiser in her approaches and opinions expressed in court. In her opinion â€Å"Society as a whole benefits immeasurably from a climate in which all persons, regardless of race or gender, may have the opportunity to earn respect, responsibility, advancement and remuneration based on ability† (Sandra Day O’Connor). She was a great advocate of equality in human right issues while she was in her office at Supreme Court as a judge. Ability was the main criteria stressed by Sandra Day O’ Conner for discriminating people rather than the sex, race or culture. Sandra Day O’ Conner actually tried to give a new dimension to the American judicial system. In her opinion the court’s role is just to interpret the law, not to legislate it. (Sandra Day O’Connor) Legislation should be done by the government or the parliament and the role of a judge is to analyze the cases with respect to the existing laws rather than creating new laws. Sandra Day OConnor was successful in giving a new direction to the American constitutional laws with respect to affirmative action, voting rights, church†and†state issues, takings under the Fifth Amendment, states rights, abortion etc. (Answers.com) Since she was a female judge, her opinions about the abortion rights has been widely accepted in America. Sandra Day O’Connor was the first female Supreme Court judge in America who was successful in giving new dimensions to American judiciary. She was successful in segregating the role of the government and the rights of the individual in American social life. Since she was the first woman judge in Supreme Court her opinions and verdicts were watched eagerly by the American public. Apart from being a female judge, she has created a unique place for her in American

Gene one scenario Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Gene one scenario - Coursework Example The first case determines the company’s taking some risk for the purpose of improving its business, while all the leadership members might not be satisfied or confident with the program, like the resignation obtained from Angela Thomas (Scenario: Gene One). In the other situation, although the internal conflicts might not arise, however the company would not find a better means to improve its business. Considering the dedication, responsibility and the performance of Don, the CEO of the company, it can be reflected that the best solution for the company would be to continue with its new plans. It needs to be understood in this context that in order for the company to keep up its position in the industry, it would have to reach out more to the public and deliver itself. Only dedicating towards research work might not be sufficient. In the process, taking some risks is justified, since business cannot be organized without

Future&Innovation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Future&Innovation - Essay Example Packaged travel market by tour operators and online travel agency packages, 2000-2008 (US$B) 3 Figure 2: U.S. and U.K. total travel market and package travel share 2008 (US$B) 4 Figure 3: Forces affecting on Paradise Travels 7 Figure 4: The four P innovation space 9 Figure 5: Forces acting on Paradise Travels and the strategy to be adopted by the company to counter these forces 10 Figure 6: The process of innovation process for Paradise Travels 11 Figure 7: Framework for critical evaluation 14 Figure 8: Paradise Travels – location of high street shops 19 Figure 9: Adopting Shibata's problem solving model adapted to help solve Paradise Travels’ problems 21 Photo credit Cover page Image URL: http://www.wanderwoman.com/images/hiking_samaria_gorge.jpg Section 1: Industry Overview 1.1 Macroeconomic and environmental factors The impact of the global financial meltdown was also visible on the travel industry, and particularly on air travel and tour business. A large numbers of small players vanished from the tour operators’ radar during these years; more than 75 air travel and tour operators closed their shop within the past three years (Air Travel Insolvency Protection Advisory Committee, 2010, p.13). The industry is currently cruising through one of the most difficult times due to a number of macroeconomic and environmental factors. These are discussed as follows: 1.1.1 Environmental impact Eruption of the Eyjafjallajolkull volcano closed the UK airspace for six days and a considerable portion of EU airspace, causing flight delays and cancellations throughout the world (Air Travel Insolvency Protection Advisory Committee, 2010, p.6). This incident affected adversely on the consumer confidence as it was observed that immediately following the eruption, bookings dropped sharply (Air Travel Insolvency Protection Advisory Committee, 2010). 1.2 Issues faced by the industry Air Travel Insolvency Protection Advisory Committee (2010) listed some of the issues currently faced by the industry. These are discussed below: 1.2.1 Weak demand An offshoot of weak consumer confidence was seen directly on the weak demand it currently exerted on the industry. To regain consumer confidence is perhaps the most important issue the industry faced currently. 1.2.2 Weak sterling Once in their holiday destinations, weakness of Sterling had eroded the holiday makers spending powers; a trend noticed mostly in Eurozone holiday destinations. This affected adversely consumer perception as consumer expectations did not match the consumer experience. 1.2.3 Shifting away of holiday bookings Another alarming trend was shifting of bookings to traditional holiday destinati

Gene one scenario Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Gene one scenario - Coursework Example The first case determines the company’s taking some risk for the purpose of improving its business, while all the leadership members might not be satisfied or confident with the program, like the resignation obtained from Angela Thomas (Scenario: Gene One). In the other situation, although the internal conflicts might not arise, however the company would not find a better means to improve its business. Considering the dedication, responsibility and the performance of Don, the CEO of the company, it can be reflected that the best solution for the company would be to continue with its new plans. It needs to be understood in this context that in order for the company to keep up its position in the industry, it would have to reach out more to the public and deliver itself. Only dedicating towards research work might not be sufficient. In the process, taking some risks is justified, since business cannot be organized without

Journal Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Journal - Research Paper Example Academic literacy helps me to communicating the required ideas in the appropriate style besides being able to think critically and rationally. For illustration, suppose the assignment entails intensive research about China; then I will utilize social, economical and political aspects in coming up with a well-researched work (Arp & Jamie, 2011). In gauging the credibility of my research or information, I usually compare it with other trustworthy scholarly works undertaken in the same unit, which I am exploring (Arp & Jamie 2011). In addition, I only usually utilize the credible sources, for instance, scholarly articles, books and reliable websites. Hence, these enable me to merge many and reliable ideas from diverse experts who have researched on the same topic (Coon, Mitterer, Shawn & Vanchella 2010). For example, suppose I am researching about Newton’s laws of motion, then it is essential that I explore resent scientific books, which relate to this field. Besides, do not allow media or friends to influence me because not everything, which people believe is right. In addition, progressing in every life’s endeavor entails making personal decisions and not relying on other people for approval even if they are family members (Davies, 2011). However, I usually seek information and advice where necessary, but fina l I have to make the final verdict. Mainly, this is via learning how to be a seasoned critical consumer of information. Therefore, this entails utilizing a wide range of criteria coupled with analytical evaluation of any information before accepting it where I normally check whether it is inline with my goals (Coon 2006). Consequently, this requires that I able to read and understand each aspect in detail (Reich 2011). Davies, R. (2011). Understanding Technology Literacy: A Framework for Evaluating Educational Technology Integration. Techtrends: Linking

Rabindranath Tagore Essay Example for Free

Rabindranath Tagore Essay Rabindranath Tagore] ( 7 May 1861 – 7 August 1941), sobriquet Gurudev,was a Bengali polymath who reshaped his regions literature and music. Author of Gitanjali and its profoundly sensitive, fresh and beautiful verse, he became the first non-European to win the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1913. In translation his poetry was viewed as spiritual and mercurial; his seemingly mesmeric personality, flowing hair, and other-worldly dress earned him a prophet-like reputation in the West. His elegant prose and magical poetry remain largely unknown outside Bengal. Tagore introduced new prose and verse forms and the use of colloquial language into Bengali literature, thereby freeing it from traditional models based on classical Sanskrit. He was highly influential in introducing the best of Indian culture to the West and vice versa, and he is generally regarded as the outstanding creative artist of modern India.[5] A Pirali Brahmin from Calcutta, Tagore wrote poetry as an eight-year-old.[10] At age sixteen, he released his first substantial poems under the pseudonym BhÄ nusiá ¹Æ'ha (Sun Lion), which were seized upon by literary authorities as long-lost classics. He graduated to his first short stories and dramas—and the aegis of his birth name—by 1877. As a humanist, universalist internationalist, and strident anti-nationalist he denounced the Raj and advocated independence from Britain. As an exponent of the Bengal Renaissance, he advanced a vast canon that comprised paintings, sketches and doodles, hundreds of texts, and some two thousand songs; his legacy endures also in the institution he founded, Visva-Bharati University. Tagore modernised Bengali art by spurning rigid classical forms and resisting linguistic strictures. His novels, stories, songs, dance-dramas, and essays spoke to topics political and personal. Gitanjali (Song Offerings), Gora (Fair-Faced), and Ghare-Baire (The Home and the World) are his best-known works, and his verse, short stories, and novels were acclaimed—or panned—for their lyricism, colloquialism, naturalism, and unnatural contemplation. His compositions were chosen by two nations as national anthems: the Republic of Indias Jana Gana Mana and Bangladeshs Amar Shonar Bangla. The composer of Sri Lankas national anthem: Sri Lanka  Matha was a student of Tagore, and the song is inspired by Tagores style.

Frederick Douglass Escape from Slavery

Frederick Douglass Escape from Slavery Option #1: Writing Summaries: Frederick Douglass Escape from Slavery September 3, 1838 Frederick Bailey started risky journey of his life. 20 years old slave made an escape from his master in Baltimore, and with new found freedom came a new name that was Frederick Douglass. During his journey to freedom Douglass was able to avoid slave capturers from Maryland a slave state at the time, Philadelphia, and New York. Among the many obstacles Douglass encounters during his escape, the most unusual one is when he witnessed slave capturers that were of the same skin color as him. One would find it odd that blacks would capture and send other black individuals back to their slave holders. Money would be a major factor that influenced black individuals to partake in capturing slaves. In Frederick Douglass short essay My Escape from Slavery, Douglass discusses the obstacles he had to overcome during his escape from slavery. The major theme of Douglasss essay is his individual experience during his escape to free a state. He creates imagery that allows the reader to experience his dangerous journey without physically going through what he experienced. Slave owners targeted free blacks to hire because at the time many free blacks were living in poverty stricken areas and were among the financially unfit. Free blacks had families and children of their own and needed to provide for their loved ones. A reader looks at the action as unjust, but black capturers saw the job opportunity as a way to provide for their families. Black capturers would view runaway slaves as fugitives and saw it was their job to capture them. They would not let the similar color of skin that the two may share come in between their way of earning money. Frederick Douglas journey began in Baltimore, Maryland. Douglas would then take a train to Philadelphia. In order to board the train without being captured Douglass acted as a sailor carrying around Seamans protection papers that he received from an old acquaintance. The climax of Douglass story comes when the Conductor at the train station analyzes Douglass seaport papers. Douglas knows it is at this time when his life can make a dramatic change. If the conductor toughly looks at Douglass seaports papers and realizes the individuals described on the paper does not fit the physical characteristics of Douglass. He could face criminal charges as well as being sent to his former slave holder. Fortunately, the conductor lets Douglass board the train not focusing on the physical features of the gentlemen in which the seaport papers describe. Douglas will go through many more checkpoints in Delaware, Philadelphia where slave catchers were most vigilant but, no danger was as evident as the Maryland Boarding. When reaching New York he felt a great deal of relief. New York was a free state and after all the obstacles he had overcome to get to New York for the moment his dreams and hopes as a child was filled. He escaped the slave terrorirries and now was excited to start a new life, one of prosperity. Unfortunately Douglass dream was not fully accomplished just yet. Upon his arrival in New York, Douglass met another escaped slave that told him New York was full of southerners returning from the Northern watering places; that the colored people of New York were not to be trusted, that they were hired men of his skin color who would betray him for a few dollars.that they were hired men ever on the lookout for fugitives; that he must trust no man and never think of going either upon wharves or into any colored boarding house, for all such places closely watched. The black individual who Douglass encounters in New York established money as the main influence that drove blacks to capture runaway slaves. Free black individuals in this era lived in the most poverty stricken areas. Many black men had families to take care of, children to nourish and their lack of education made jabs untrainable. Free blacks had resort to any kind of job to earn money and provide for their family. Slave capturing was a prosperous business for blacks individuals at the time and they too full advantage. Frederic k Douglass escape from slavery finally comes to an end when he arrives in New Bedford, Massachusetts. Douglass was assured that no slave holder could take out a slave in New Bedford by Nathan Johnson. Johnson was a major influence in Douglass life after his arrival. Johnson a former laborer his self and citizen of the grand old commonwealth of Massachusetts. with his connections with government officials he was able to acquire citizenship papers for Douglass and assured that he was now a citizen of New Bedford and he wouldnt have to worry about slave capturer trying to take him of the state of Massachusetts because it was against the law. When forming the documentation with Douglasss new identity, Johnson changed Frederick last name from bailey to Douglass. As a slave he was known as Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey. The name Frederick Douglass would follow him for the next forty years. As he worked as a laborer for a few years to support his family. He would then go on new endeavors to help abolish slavery in the near future. Summary of Douglass story, is although he escaped slavery there were thousands of other black slaves who did not make it and suffered major consequences consisting of sometimes death. The diction Douglass uses in his short story appeals to the readers senses, his dramatic scenes that capture his escape allows readers to see what he saw during the dangerous journey. One can feel how scared douglass was when entering new states that were surrounded by slave catchers. Douglass characterization of individuals he encountered through his journey enabled readers to imagine what he viewed. Douglass always looked back on September 3, 1838. The day when his free life began and until he died he celebrated the date in place of his unknown birthday.

Womens Control in Ken Keseys One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest :: One Flew Over Cuckoos Nest

Women's Control in Ken Kesey's One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest "One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest" by Ken Kesey is about a man named Chief Bromden. He is half Indian and is locked up in a mental institute. He has led everyone in the ward to believe that he is deaf and dumb; instead he is just quiet and observant. Big Nurse is the head of the ward and mentally controls every patient she has, not allowing them to become better. McMurphy is a transfer to the ward and loosens up the atmosphere. He is a very relaxed, outgoing, funny guy that loves to joke around and be loud. When he too notices the Big Nurse's mental control on everyone, he sets out to help the patients become sane and not be influenced by the Big Nurse. One of the possible themes for this story is that women, although not physically stronger than men, can mentally be stronger than men and can control them with that alone. In the following paragraphs I will show how Kesey portrays women's control. The Big Nurse was the first women introduced in the novel, and she definitely has the most overpowering characteristics. She is the main woman with power throughout the novel. She is introduced and described by Kesey through the eyes of Chief Bromden. Ken shows her overpowering nature by writing, "She dips a nod at me as she goes past. I let the mop push me back to the wall an smile and try to foul her equipment up as much as possible by not letting her see my eyes-they can't tell so much about you if you got your eyes closed"(10). From this passage you can tell that the Big Nurse terrifies Chief and has a mental advantage over him. She keeps him scared and willing to do what she wants. A man named Harding is also in the institute. While at a meeting, Mrs. Ratched, The Big Nurse, starts talking about Mr. Harding's wife. She is a beautiful woman that receives many stares from other men. Because of this Harding is afraid that his wife is cheating on him. Ratched shows her mental superiority by asking the other patients to comment on the subject, which further embarrasses Harding making him even more intimidated by the nurse. Kesey shows his embarrassment when he writes, "Harding shuts his eyes, and nobody says anything" (44). Women's Control in Ken Kesey's One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest :: One Flew Over Cuckoos Nest Women's Control in Ken Kesey's One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest "One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest" by Ken Kesey is about a man named Chief Bromden. He is half Indian and is locked up in a mental institute. He has led everyone in the ward to believe that he is deaf and dumb; instead he is just quiet and observant. Big Nurse is the head of the ward and mentally controls every patient she has, not allowing them to become better. McMurphy is a transfer to the ward and loosens up the atmosphere. He is a very relaxed, outgoing, funny guy that loves to joke around and be loud. When he too notices the Big Nurse's mental control on everyone, he sets out to help the patients become sane and not be influenced by the Big Nurse. One of the possible themes for this story is that women, although not physically stronger than men, can mentally be stronger than men and can control them with that alone. In the following paragraphs I will show how Kesey portrays women's control. The Big Nurse was the first women introduced in the novel, and she definitely has the most overpowering characteristics. She is the main woman with power throughout the novel. She is introduced and described by Kesey through the eyes of Chief Bromden. Ken shows her overpowering nature by writing, "She dips a nod at me as she goes past. I let the mop push me back to the wall an smile and try to foul her equipment up as much as possible by not letting her see my eyes-they can't tell so much about you if you got your eyes closed"(10). From this passage you can tell that the Big Nurse terrifies Chief and has a mental advantage over him. She keeps him scared and willing to do what she wants. A man named Harding is also in the institute. While at a meeting, Mrs. Ratched, The Big Nurse, starts talking about Mr. Harding's wife. She is a beautiful woman that receives many stares from other men. Because of this Harding is afraid that his wife is cheating on him. Ratched shows her mental superiority by asking the other patients to comment on the subject, which further embarrasses Harding making him even more intimidated by the nurse. Kesey shows his embarrassment when he writes, "Harding shuts his eyes, and nobody says anything" (44).

Charles Dickens Essay -- essays papers

Charles Dickens Charles John Huffam Dickens is the greatest English writer that ever lived. He was one of the most popular writers in the history of literature. Surely no English author is so well known and so widely read, translated and remembered as Charles Dickens. He fame is well deserved. From the pen of this great author came such characters as Oliver Twist, David Copperfield, Bob Cratchit and Tiny Tim, Mr. Pickwick, and Little Nett. Dickens was born on February 7, 1812, in Portsmouth and spent most of his childhood in London and Kent, both of which appear frequently in his novels. Charles Dickens was the son of John and Elizabeth Dickens. John Dickens worked as a clerk at the Navy pay office in Portsmouth. Charles, the second of seven children, went to the local school. John Dickens found it difficult to provide for his growing family on his small pay. In 1822 the family moved to Camden Town in London. John Dickens' debts had become so severe that all the household goods were sold. Still unable to satisfy his creditors, John Dickens was arrested and sent to Marshalsea Prison. At age 12, Charles found work at Warren's Blacking Factory, where he was paid six shillings a week wrapping shoeblack bottles. The brief time that he worked at the Blacking Factory haunted him all of his life. He spoke of it only to his wife and to his closest friend, John Forster. The rough time he had there would show up in his stories Da vid Copperfield and in Great Expectations. Six months after being sent to Marshalsea, one of John Dickens's relatives died. He was left enough money in the will to pay off his debts and to leave prison. Some of the inheritance was used to educate Charles at a nearby private school, Wellington House Acade... ... the problem he gained copyright for the books sold in America. The only thing that I didn’t understand about this book was how the author said that Charles was a self-centered man but he argued to try to abolish slavery and gave some of his earning from book writing to charities. That doesn’t sound self-centered to me. Everything else about it was outstanding and I learned a lot. Charles Dickens went through a lot of rough times in his life and ended up on top. He came from being a normal middle class citizen to being one of the most popular people in the world. His books have been read, translated and made into motion pictures. They have been read and watched by people for years and will still be in years to come. Charles Dickens’s personal life grew increasingly unhappy and drove him to an early death. But His work remains, funny, sad, warm, and stunning.

National Security Is More Important Than Human Rights

The conception of human rights and freedoms is the cornerstone of American traditions, law and the indicator of democracy. The approach of prevailing interest in personal privacy, property privacy and non-interference of state authorities in private affairs is the basic ground for modern organization of American society. For centuries the courts have been standing safeguards of protection of persons against unreasonable intrusion of the State, generally interpreting the Constitution and the Bill of Rights with preference of personal human rights protection. Nonetheless in the end of the 21st century there appeared several factors which so much influenced our society that the matters of homeland security and protection raised with extraordinary emphasis and the thesis that the national security is more important than human rights causes no surprise. This research is focused on this controversial issue and contains the analysis of the reasons which changed the scale; the overview of national security vs. uman rights from the points of view of internal and external national policy; the argumentation pro and contra preponderance of national security over personal human rights with the examples of concrete rights and evidence; the conclusion. So why the validity of what was right earlier should be now the subject of reconsideration? Among the reasons which preconditioned giving more political and legal importance to the national security over protection of individual rights and freedoms the general reason is the need to prevent U.  S. citizens, infrastructures and lands from the increased threat of terrorist attacks, the protection of U. S. borders from potential foreign invasion. Another important factor which influenced the change in traditional legal and political doctrine is the globalization. Once, the rights of U. S. citizens guaranteed by the Bill of Rights have been expanded and extrapolated around the world. Close political, economical and cultural communications of the U. S. A. with all countries of the world and the U.  S. hegemonic influence as of the world leading power have another side of the movement. The amount, the value and the accessibility of international communication on any level: governmental, regional, local or private, has risen extraordinary in comparison to earlier times due to technological revolution. Our state and people have been under the influence of other cultures and societies, as this exchange is bilateral. For instance, this led to increasing role of statutory law in the U. S. ystem of law which has been traditionally case-law system of law. So, many of our partner-countries have different traditions and regulations and many of them place national security and social interests prior to personal rights, justifying this with weighty arguments which in any case should be taken into consideration. The U. S. Patriot Act and the Homeland Security Act are bright evidence for the two previous arguments, the public support and the reasonability of the change of emphasized values. Particularly the U. S.  Patriot Act of 2001 was passed nearly unanimously by the Senate 98-1, and 357-66 in the House, with the support of members from across the political spectrum, which underlines public appreciation of placing more emphasis to national security prior to protection of individual interests of privacy. Improving the counter-terrorist protection, the Act proscribes profound changes in investigating procedures and contains numerous provisions far from democratic traditions and waiving protection of certain constitutional rights of almost any U.  S. citizen (for instance, the Act expands the reasons for warrantless searches, simplifies the conditions of obtaining search and seizure warrants, expands the reasons for obtaining business records in criminal investigations etc) (The U. S. Department of Justice). Other national security questions which have evidently increased its importance over human rights protection in recent years are the illegal immigration, the de velopment of international organized crime, the accessibility of public and private information on Internet etc. In most of the cases opposing the concept of human rights to national security is erroneous and unreasonable construction because the national security is the concept which precludes the physical and mental security of all members of the society, and therefore includes and predetermines the possibility of exercising human rights and freedoms. Without security the well-being is impossible. Looking at the national security vs. uman rights question from the points of view of internal and external national security, one should first examine what concrete human rights may be waived or limited for the homeland security and protection purposes. Natural human rights like the right for life are not the subject to address in this essay. The rights addressed in this essay are defined primarily in the U. S. Bill of Rights. These are civil ight for privacy, the right of peaceful protest, the right to personal freedom, the right to a fair trial and the right of equal protection, usually in the list of the rights which under certain conditions may be waived for the efficiency of homeland security and protection. The first argument supporting the statement that national security is more important than protection of individual rights is the increased threat of terroristic attacks, which are very dangerous, carefully planned, locally targeted and generously funded organized crimes. This threat requires adequate actions. For instance, the problem of efficiency of security measures in the airports is one of the most important challenges in homeland security and protection policy, and the example that despite all actions taken the threat remains very realistic is the recent terrorist attempt of the Al-Qaeda bomber to blow-up plane while landing in Detroit, MI. on December 26, 2009. The second argument is the international experience and need to unity the efforts of international community in struggle with terrorism, nuclear threat and organized crime. Kumar, C. Raj (2005) writes â€Å"The September 11, 2001 attacks in New York and Washington D. C. , and the December 13, 2001 attack on the Indian Parliament have intensified the debate regarding the necessity of formulating national security laws in India and the laws' potentially serious impact on human rights and civil liberties. The strengthening of national security laws worldwide is apparently pursued with the objective of combating terrorism and other forms of internal and external threats to the States and the societies in which people live†. Several security laws have been passed in India in response to the challenge of preventing terrorism and preserving national security. The laws are being criticized for violation of human rights, though the Supreme Court upheld their constitutional validity. This example illustrates that not only in the USA, but worldwide, there is a tendency of giving more importance to national security and international cooperation for this purpose. The third argument supporting the thesis is that the modern American law de facto prefers public interests to the interests of individual member of the society. Numerous exceptions are legalized to justify deviation of constitutional rights, particularly in investigating procedures – the procedures which predetermine the following stages of criminal process. On the example of airport security, more attention of transportation security officers is currently devoted to passengers’ searches and seizures. A review of landmark cases related to airport searches illustrates that the private person rarely wins and that searches are almost always found to be reasonable and constitutional (Kornblatt, 2007). In recent landmark case United States v. Hartwell, 436 F. 3d 174, 175 (3rd Cir. 006), the Supreme Court has acknowledged a few circumstances in which a search is reasonable in absence of wrongdoing, which typically involve administrative searches of ‘closely regulated’ businesses, other so-called ‘special needs’ cases, and suspicionless ‘checkpoint’ searches. The Court stated that suspicionless searches at checkpoints â€Å"are permissible under the Fourth Amendment when a court finds a favorable balance between ‘the gravity of the public concerns served by the seizure, the degree to which the seizure advances the public interest, and the severity of the interference with individual liberty. Particularly the Supreme Court emphasized the importance of preventing terrorist attacks against airplanes, the prevailing of public interest in security checkpoints at airports. Under the â€Å"special needs† doctrine the government authorities are allowed to conduct searches in the absence of any suspicion of criminality in limited circumstances where the search is aimed not to gather evidence for the investigation of crime. These circumstances include: whether the government interest for the search program is immediate and substantial, whether the search program effectively advances the government interest, states Konblatt (2007). In United States v. Skipwith, 482 F. 2d 1272 (5th Cir. 1973) the Fifth Circuit decided that some situations present a level of danger such that the reasonableness test is per se satisfied. The Court found that a balance must be struck between the harm and the need to determine what is reasonable: â€Å"When the risk is the jeopardy to hundreds of human lives and millions of dollars of property inherent in the pirating or blowing up of a large airplane, the danger alone meets the test of reasonableness. Therefore the case law suggests that in the case of conflict between private rights and public interests, generally protected by government, the latter prevail. The fourth argument supporting the thesis is that the most of American leaders and majority in American society, de-facto, support the governmental actions on improving public safety, therefore consenting with correspondent limitation of personal rights and freedoms. It’s natural that almost any citizen wishes to reduce crime rates nd will willingly temporarily waive some civil rights like the freedom of movement for the purpose of protection of his life, health and private property. The idea of potential terrorist attack remains in the minds of our citizens and enriches the soil for reasonable and unreasonable expansion of state authorities’ powers. Hillary Clinton once stated unequivocally that national security is not only more important than human rights on the international stage, but that it takes domestic supremacy as well (Snedeker, 2007). Barack Obama demonstrates balanced and reasonable national security policy, much less aggressive than previous President, but still attempts to save and multiply the best of recent achievements in homeland security and protection. Speaking on the other side, many intelligent people, social leaders and human rights activists strongly oppose the statement that national security is more important than personal human rights. Jane Smiley, Pulitzer-Prize winning novelist and essayist defends the human rights priority with the popular historical argument: â€Å"The Founding Fathers understood the temptation on the part of governments to give and remove human rights arbitrarily, because they had experienced such things before the Revolutionary War, (†¦) recognized that although British Law customarily acknowledged various human rights, it was essential to name, codify, and write them down to make it less likely that they could be taken away†. Nonetheless earlier in this essay it is proved that the historical experience of the U. S. is irrelevant for this situation, as there have been profound changes in international relations, technological abilities and domestic challenges in the U. S. policy which it never addressed earlier. Also, Smiley claims rolling back human rights, â€Å"even for some individuals, is to return to a more primitive, hierarchical, and un-American theory of human relations†. But what actually constitutes â€Å"the American theory of human relations† and why the proposed approach is more primitive? Such claims seem to be more emotional than rational. On emotional level, no one likes limitation of his personal freedom and waiver of his personal benefits. Logical ratio easily proves that the individual benefits depend largely on the benefits available in the society, and in the society where access to information, persons and property can be easily gained with high-tech equipment the complex measures should be taken on the very high level to guarantee the security and wellness of all its members. National security strategies should take into consideration the relevance of human rights and development. The goal of protecting human security will supplement the existing strategies for protecting national security† states Kumar, C. Raj (2005). Searching for the balance between security and freedom we need to defend our nation, and each of us is its priceless part. Works Cited http://www.justice.gov/archive/ll/highlights.htm

A critical evaluation of impressive burgers approach to expanding their operation

A critical rating of Impressive Warren burgers approach to spread outing their operationImpressive Burgers PLC so is a fast nutrient concatenation that faced stiff competition from its client and must therefore maintain quality merchandises that are served in good clip to the clients. Due to an addition in its clients, Impressive Burgers PLC will necessitate to spread out its operations. Prior to making so, the fast nutrient concatenation will hold to transport out a feasibleness survey to set up the best schemes to use in spread outing its operations. Presently the bing clients are contending for the limited resources in footings of infinite and fast nutrient merchandises. Most of the clients complain that they seldom get their fast nutrient solutions met due to the limited bill of fare pick. Therefore, Impressive Burgers PLC will see increasing its bill of fare to provide for a big figure of its clients. Customers are so diverse and necessitate to be given a big assortment of picks . What one client may wish, another may loathe. All these should be considered by Impressive Burgers PLC in spread outing its operations. Impressive Burgers PLC intends to spread out its operations from the bing mercantile establishments, they have decided to engage an operations director to help in the jobs they are holding before they embark on enlargement. The first undertaking that the operations direction is required to make is the designation and the rating of the fast nutrients organisation ‘s enlargement attack. Designation of the grounds behind PLC ‘s enlargement jobs and doing recommendations based on the point identified. Harmonizing to Krajewski, Ritzman and Malhotra ( p.112 ) , the operations of a house are determined by the house ‘s effectivity in pull offing its resources. The house will hence be able to pull off its available resources for the enlargement of its operations into other aspects. Possibly the first measure in its enlargement would be to measure the figure of clients who walk into the house ‘s eating houses in the busiest subdivision. This should so be further divided into clients who eat within the premises and those who opt for takeout fast nutrient merchandises. After finding the figure of clients and their several categories, Impressive Burgers ‘ operations director should so reexamine the bill of fare in footings of the clients ‘ positions on it. This will affect undertaking a squad of cunning misss who will near the client with a questionnaire and fill in the questionnaire after the client has finished his nutrient. It would give an indicant of which bill of fare is the best and which one is the worst among those that are presently being offered. Operationss in an organisation are the duty of the operations director, fundamentally operations involves the direction of the production of goods and services. The direction of operations involves the embrace of the organisations design, planning of all operations, control and the betterment of public presentation and the preparation of operations scheme. The duties of this place affect the direction of the human resource, the direction of this resource is of import as the manner in which they are handled greatly find the success of the organisation. The operations ‘ place entails the direction of the organisations ‘ assets ; assets straight determine the production procedure of the organisation. The edifices, equipment, vehicles and even the stock are used in the production of the organisations goods and services. Proper usage of the assets means that the organisation reduces on the running cost, the proper usage of energy, from electricity to fuel used for warming or cookery is of import at the nest eggs made on assets are a net income to the organisation. Proper direction of the assets means that they cut their outgos and they avoid wastes of natural stuff in production. The operations arm of the organisation is involved in the direction of cost, they are responsible for the effectual direction of running costs of the organisation ; the production of the goods and services and the bringing of these goods and services to their consumers. Harmonizing to Barnes ( p.56 ) , the operations direction of fast nutrient eating house is gauged by its ability to efficaciously implement a thorough system of self-audits. Furthermore, the operations director should see developing the staff adequately on the best methods before spread outing the operations of Impressive Burgers PLC. This will guarantee that adequate capacity has been built prior to spread outing substructure and operations in general. At this point, the operations director would prefer to take stock of the staff Numberss and compare this with the clients that they serve. This would efficaciously take to the director finding the best manner of guaranting that the caput count is all right. In add-on, the operations director should besides guarantee that the kitchen installations are at a good province and run into the demands of the catering section. New equipment may be acquired. Finally, before implementing the enlargement, the operations director should develop a manual that stipulates how to execute fundamentally all undertakings within the fast nutrient concatenation. This manual will be used as a processs book to steer the current and new employees on the best patterns that should be utilized in developing first-class fast nutrient solutions. This will so be followed by a complete makeover of the fast nutrient eating house. The makeover will imply geting new seats and spread outing the bing sitting country to guarantee that more clients are accommodated at any given clip. Furthermore, the clients should be informed prior to this since the enlargement will impact the fast nutrient eating house ‘s operations for a twosome of yearss as the redevelopments and enlargements go on. It will merely be just to give a month ‘s notice, therefore guaranting that the clients are good informed beforehand. This may be done via the media or through postings and hoardings. Impressive Burgers PLC should besides offer a broad scope of fast nutrient merchandises and more menu solutions. This will guarantee that the fast nutrient giant serves the demands of its diverse clients. A limited bill of fare frequently turns off the clients as they seek other eating houses that offer a broad assortment of picks. Impressive Burgers PLC will hold to put in client ailments or suggestion box at the entryway of the eating house. Similarly, clients who are infuriated by the service offered to them should be handled on the topographic point and taken to a separate room where they will be offered with particular advice. This war room should be located within the eating house and should hold a dedicated staff to cater for the few complains that may be witnessed. Shim and Siegel ( p.44 ) insinuates that many organisations are so caught up in quandary when it comes to guaranting that the house efficaciously implements its enlargement schemes. The key to the success of Impressive Burgers PLC would be first-class client service. Therefore, this should be at the dorsum of every head when finding the enlargement schemes. The client is the most of import individual to be considered in spread outing the operations of Impressive Burgers PLC. Hence, it is imperative that the operations director develops a prescribed manner of managing clients therefore debaring any client ailments that may ensue in the procedure. It is so true that client service is the lone manner to guaranting that the house succeeds in its quest to stand out in the fast nutrient industry. Therefore, it is of import for the house to guarantee that there are effectual ways of pull offing enlargement schemes. Impressive Burgers PLC should spread out to new mercantile establishments by first of all bettering its operations in the current subdivisions. This will guarantee that the company emerges a success in its operations and therefore giving the best fast nutrient solutions to its clients. Rationale behind the company ‘s jobs and suggestionsImpressive Burgers PLC faces a myriad of jobs, most of which emanate from within. First and first, the company faces the job of limited bill of fare solutions. As discussed earlier, fast nutrient clients frequently seek a broad assortment of bill of fare which are largely alien in nature and unique to each client. This is because ; the clients have been to other fast nutrient eating houses and have tasted different bill of fares. They therefore seek a alone bill of fare. Most of the clients who frequent Impressive Warren burgers have complained of eating the same nutrient ever. They seek different bill of fare that will offer them a alone experience. Hence, Impressive Burgers should seek and present more bill of fares into their operations to guarantee that clients have a broad assortment of picks. The principle behind this job is that there is deficiency of flexibleness and inventions. The burden of guaranting that there is equal bill of fares solutions lies with the operations director who is charged with the duty of introducing and presenting new bill of fare into the fast nutrient eating house ‘s operations ( Slack, Chambers and Johnston, p.38 ) . This would guarantee increased success in footings of functioning clients and guaranting effectual systems for prolonging the fast nutrient eating houses. The end of Impressive Burgers is the proviso of fast take away nutrient to their clients rapidly and of a higher quality to that of their challengers. They foremost set out with a common bill of fare for all their eating houses who offered a simple bill of fare construction with a pick of six set repast options.Burger, Chips & A ; Soft DrinkCheese Burger, Chips & A ; amp ; Soft DrinkChicken Burger, Chips & A ; amp ; Soft DrinkVegetarian Burger, Chips & A ; Soft DrinkThe picks were served with picks of sizes ; regular, medium or big for each repast. The size of the french friess and drinks parts varied but the Burger size remained the same. Using this format they were able to function each client their order within 4 proceedingss from an ordination at the boulder clay to having their complete order to take away. Impressive Burgers end was met because they efficaciously served they client in 4 proceedingss, the unvarying repasts meant that the client was in a place to do a speedy order based on anterior cognition of the bill of fare. Fixed bill of fare meant that there was uniformity in their concatenation of eating houses, fixed repasts reduced on telling clip and the readying clip ; this earned them a good repute as a fast nutrient articulation and hence increasing their client base. The addition in clients meant that they had good net income borders that enabled them to spread out. They added more eating houses and more picks of nutrient on the bill of fare to give their consumers assortment and to provide for the wellness scruples clients. The scheme of impressive Burgers to spread out was good at the clip, as they felt assurance in the market. Following the enlargement of the eating houses, they were an immediate diminution in the overall public presentation of their program and net incomes started worsening with a loss in the loom. On the other manus, there have been complains from the clients sing the mode in which the staff act towards the clients. There have been studies of agitated and ill-mannered staff that are frequently insensitive to the clients ‘ demands. Harmonizing to the operations director, the staffs are underpaid therefore offering service that does non run into the criterions of a quality fast nutrient eating house. Staff may be heard hulling abuses at each other and frequently click when they are asked a inquiry by the client. This issue of staff agitation may be addressed by presenting a codification of moralss that will adhere the wonts and operations of each staff member. Stern disciplinary action should be taken against any staff member that contravenes the codification of moralss. In consequence, this would guarantee that staff members do non exhibit their differences in the unfastened. Staffs who are found to be misconducting even after subscribing the codification of moralss should hence be dismissed summarily. Similarly, first clip errors should justify warnings. The other solution to bad staff behaviour would be to present a system of self-audits where other staff would be able to measure the behaviour of the others through a good co-ordinated procedure. In other words, the procedure would be carried out often and staffs who are implicated continuously by the remainder should be summoned and reprimanded efficaciously. Harmonizing to Schroeder ( p.67 ) , concerns should implement the best patterns that are formidable to the public presentation of the company. Impressive Burgers PLC besides faces a major job with the orders made by clients. Staffs frequently have jobs presenting the requested orders ; the orders are either uncomplete or wrong, therefore taking to a waste of clip by the helping staffs. The sum of clip taken to function clients has increased enormously to 9 proceedingss from the old 4 proceedingss. Most of the clients are happening it hard to wait that long as evidenced by the frequent walk outs. It is so shocking that clients should wait for that long earlier being served. Possibly the best manner to cover with this job would be to develop the staff adequately on the ways of covering with the clients ‘ petitions. Customers ‘ petitions should be compactly acted upon. The staffs should be retrained by the operations director on the best patterns. Furthermore, the staffs should be made to be accountable for their errors. This manner, they will be able to take orders right and accurately. This will cut down the hold clip between the clip that the client makes his order to the clip they receive it. The operations director should see a alteration of staff functioning the clients. This will possibly guarantee that the clients are served with qualified and capable staffs. Capable staffs should be able to cut down the holds between the order clip and the clip the clients receives their orders. The job of waste has every bit aggravated within Impressive Burgers PLC. There is a deficiency of a clear waste direction system. It is frequently to meet foul odor at the dorsum of the eating house which is as a consequence of ungathered refuse. Waste direction is imperative since it ensures that there is sufficient direction of the refuse that emanates from the fast nutrient eating house. This is an of import portion of the operations direction ( Johnston, p.13 ) . The solution to this would be to consequence an effectual waste direction system that would guarantee that there is a waste direction system. Bettering overall operationImpressive Warren burgers should so accommodate schemes that would be imperative in bettering its overall operations. The steadfast intends to open up new subdivisions fast nutrient ironss across the state. The house will necessitate to transport out a feasibleness survey. There are several ways in which the operations can be expanded in bettering its overall enlargement scheme. It is imperative that the enlargement procedure is successful by all agencies. The overall operations would be improved by foremost guaranting that there is a clip frame to the enlargement plan of the fast nutrient eating house. Allocating a specific clip will assist maintain path of the advancement that has been made by the operations director in the enlargement of the house ‘s operations. There should so be a set of protocols that will regulate the enlargement of the fast nutrient concatenation. In bettering the overall operation, the operations director will further guarantee that there are equal staffing demands to run into the operational demands of the fast nutrient concatenation eating house. The figure of staff should be equal to be able to manage the enlargement undertakings of the house. Furthermore, the staffs should be adequately trained to be able to manage the undertakings sufficiently and with accomplishment. This will non merely limit waste, but guarantee that the undertakings associating to the enlargement of the fast nutrient concatenation are being performed professionally. There should be a good organized concatenation of bid that will steer the operations of the enlargement enterprises. Bettley, Mayle and Tantoush ( p.79 ) reveal that houses should be advanced in guaranting that they adequately meet the market demands and present first-class client solutions. The incorporation of healthier repasts in the bill of fare and a assortment of picks of nutrient in the bill of fare, attracted more clients to the eating houses. The enlargement of the eating houses did non besides involve the enlargement of the installations ; the Numberss of the workers remained the same. This meant that the same figure of workers had to utilize the same readying machines to fix more and varied repasts. At the same the assortment of repasts attracted more clients ; the same figure of workers had to function a larger figure of clients. This meant that the functioning times had increased dramatically and it now took an norm of 9 proceedingss for a client to be served. The figure of client ailments has increased ; the chief ailments include ill-mannered and agitated staff and incorrect or uncomplete orders. The ground for rude and agitated workers was the fact that they had to do more repasts with fewer resources while functioning more clients. Both client and worker were non satisfied, the worker felt over worked, the assortment in orders and the figure of clients meant that orders were served incorrect with losing ingredients or they were incorrect orders. The deficiency of an enlargement of the equipment and the add-on of the workers together with the varied bill of fare meant that the helping clip for any bill of fare doubled. Customers now complained of a whole nine proceedingss from order to functioning compared to their earlier record of four proceedingss, and even longer if the order was incorrect. The ailments of the client agitated the worker, the workers had to cover with a more complex bill of fare, the ratio of client to worker was immense, the force per unit area on the worker was great, and this caused agitation in them. The agitated worker so passed their defeat onto the client, the client felt insulted and this caused them to go forth the eating houses, doing a diminution in ingestion. Another ground for the diminution in concern was the fact that the quality of nutrient in the eating houses declined, the direction stuck to their old modus operandi of telling for goods one time in a hebdomad, while their demand for the resources increased as clients increased. They had targeted the wellness witting clients with healthier nutrients, but these nutrients are merely good if they are fresh, a wellness witting client requires fresh green goods. Foods that are delivered one time a hebdomad are non considered to be fresh. The 2nd fact was that workers were non able to work with the limited installations ; this implied that there were high losingss in the kitchen. More green goods was ordered for but they had to hive away in the same iceboxs. The demotivator workers could non bring forth quality nutrient from the fact that they were tired from the big bill of fares that required excessively many inside informations. With their productiveness down the workers served hapless quality nutrient that was both non fresh but besides severely prepared. A deficiency of using more workers to fulfill the increasing figure of consumers meant that, the workers could non efficaciously function them and the same clip maintain up with their responsibilities. This meant that the hygiene of the constitution went down. Poor hygienic criterions, bad nutrient and hapless services lead the clients to be dissatisfied. These factors lead to the diminution of the clients, a diminution in the clients and a combination of losingss from waste lead to low net incomes. In decision, Impressive Warren burgers would be able to spread out into opening new subdivisions of the fast nutrient eating houses. The fast nutrients concatenation will accomplish this through holding trained staff and adequate fiscal resources. Hence, Impressive Burgers will be able to form a perfect mix of new schemes aimed at bettering the operations of the house. The house will besides be able to cut down waste and clip taken to function its clients efficaciously. This will give the house an border against its rivals. Plants CitedBarnes David. Operations direction: an international position. Edinburgh: Cengage Learning EMEA, 2008. Bettley Alison, David Mayle, and Tarek Tantoush. Operations direction: a strategic attack. Boston: Sage, 2005. Johnston Robert. Cases in operations direction. 3rd erectile dysfunction. London: FT Prentice Hall, 2003. Krajewski Lee J. , Larry P. Ritzman, and Manoj K. Malhotra. Operations Management. 9th erectile dysfunction. Sydney: Prentice Hall, 2009. Schroeder Roger G. Operations direction: modern-day constructs and instances. 3rd erectile dysfunction. Washington: McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2007. Shim Jae K. , and Joel G. Siegel. Operations Management. New York: Barron ‘s Educational Series, 1999. Slack Nigel, Stuart Chambers, and Robert Johnston. Operations direction. 5th erectile dysfunction. Berlin: Prentice Hall/Financial Times, 2007.